PMID 35699838

Research
All papers

High-intensity interval training modulates inflammatory response in Parkinson's disease

Malczynska-Sims P, Chalimoniuk M, Wronski Z, Marusiak J, Sulek A

Question

Does 12 weeks of cycling HIIT change inflammatory, neuroinflammatory, immune-cell, and antioxidant markers in people with Parkinson's disease?

Summary

In people with early-to-intermediate Parkinson's disease, a supervised 12-week cycling HIIT program reduced some inflammatory markers and increased antioxidant capacity compared with a non-training group. The study was small, non-randomized, clinical, and had a published correction notice.

Methodology

  • People with early-to-intermediate Parkinson's disease
  • 28 participants.
  • Stationary cycloergometer.
  • Work intervals: 2 minutes fast phase at target HR and 80-90 rpm or 30% faster than preferred.
  • Recovery: 2 minutes slow phase at 60 rpm or lower.
  • Intensity: 60-80% individualized HRmax, progressed by 5% every two weeks.
  • 1 hour.
  • 3 sessions per week.
  • 12 weeks.
  • Non-randomized controlled clinical exercise intervention
  • Inflammatory cytokines, Neuroinflammation markers, Antioxidant capacity, and Leukocyte profile were tracked.

Outcomes

TNF-alpha

TNF-alpha decreased after HIIT and returned toward baseline by follow-up.

Training group 12.96 +/- 0.84 to 10.09 +/- 1.04; p=0.034.

Improved

IL-10

Anti-inflammatory IL-10 increased after HIIT.

p=0.024 in abstract-reported result.

Improved

SOD

Superoxide dismutase increased after training.

p=0.04.

Improved

Other biomarkers

Several biomarkers did not improve, and S100beta increased after HIIT.

IL-1beta, IL-6, GFAP, GSH, and CAT not significant; S100beta increased about 115% after HIIT.

Mixed

Leukocytes

Neutrophils and neutrophil ratios decreased after HIIT.

Neutrophils p=0.03; neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio p=0.048; neutrophil/monocyte ratio p=0.0049.

Improved

Insights

  • Clinical HIIT for Parkinson's disease should be supervised, individualized, and heart-rate guided.
  • Inflammation evidence is biomarker-specific and should not be generalized to all users.
  • Longer and randomized trials are needed before app-facing clinical claims.

Limitations

  • Small sample.
  • Non-randomized group assignment.
  • Clinical Parkinson's disease population.
  • Biomarker surrogate outcomes.
  • Short training and follow-up period for clinical neurological outcomes.
  • Published correction notice for the article.

Safety

  • No adverse events were reported in the the paper.
  • Participants with serious cardiac disease were excluded.
  • Training was supervised and performed during medication on-phase.