PMID 34827173

Research
All papers

The Effects of Exercise Order on the Psychophysiological Responses, Physical and Technical Performances of Young Soccer Players: Combined Small-Sided Games and High-Intensity Interval Training

Question

Does the order of small-sided games and high-intensity interval training affect psychophysiological, physical, and technical responses in young soccer players?

Summary

In 24 under-16 male soccer players, six weeks of combined small-sided games and running HIIT improved several body composition, physical, and technical measures regardless of whether the players did games before HIIT or HIIT before games. Doing HIIT before small-sided games produced lower perceived exertion and training load and higher enjoyment.

Methodology

  • Under-16 regional amateur male soccer players
  • 24 participants.
  • Running intervals plus soccer small-sided games.
  • Work intervals: 15 seconds at 90-100% VIFT.
  • Recovery: 15 seconds rest.
  • Intensity: 90-100% VIFT.
  • Part of 60-75 minute soccer practice.
  • 2 combined sessions per week.
  • 6 weeks.
  • Matched two-group training intervention comparing exercise order
  • Physical performance, Technical performance, Body composition, and Enjoyment and load were tracked.

Outcomes

Performance adaptations

Both exercise orders improved body composition, physical performance, and technical skills with no significant between-order differences.

Between-training comparison differences p>=0.05; effect sizes reported around 0.40-1.10.

Improved

Perceived exertion

HIIT before small-sided games produced lower RPE.

HIIT+SSG 16.2 +/- 0.5 vs SSG+HIIT 17.6 +/- 0.5; p=0.00; d=2.98.

Improved

Enjoyment

HIIT before small-sided games produced higher enjoyment.

PACES 30.7 +/- 1.1 vs 26.3 +/- 0.9; p=0.00; d=4.28.

Improved

Training load

SSG before HIIT produced higher weekly training load.

Training load higher in SSG+HIIT across weeks; p<=0.05; d=1.36-2.05.

Improved

Insights

  • When combining sport game work and HIIT, exercise order can matter for enjoyment and perceived load.
  • HIIT before skill/game work may preserve adaptations while reducing session burden.
  • Sport-specific results should be adapted cautiously for general fitness apps.

Limitations

  • Small sample.
  • Male youth soccer-only population.
  • No non-training control group.
  • Short six-week intervention.
  • Regular soccer training and matches continued alongside the intervention.

Safety

  • No adverse events were reported.
  • Sessions were separated by at least 2 days to avoid fatigue-induced adverse effects.