# Differential Regulation of miRNA and Protein Profiles in Human Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles via Continuous Aerobic and High-Intensity Interval Training

PMID: 39941151
Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Published: 2025 Feb 6
Authors: Wang Z, Ou Y, Zhu X, Zhou Y, Zheng X, Zhang M, Li S, Yang SN, Juntti-Berggren L, Berggren PO, Zheng X

## Question

How do acute CAT and HIIT differentially regulate miRNA and protein profiles in plasma-derived extracellular vesicles?

## Summary

In five healthy active men, single bouts of cycling HIIT and continuous aerobic training produced different extracellular-vesicle miRNA and protein profiles. The study is mechanistic and acute; it does not show training adaptation or clinical outcomes.

## Population

- Five healthy active male volunteers.
- Sample size: 5
- Age: 18-65 years eligibility; exact values not in main NXML text
- Sex: Men
- Fitness level: More than 3 hours physical activity per week
- Health status: Healthy

## Methodology

- Acute within-participant exercise comparison with multi-omics analysis
- Two acute exercise sessions separated by 7 days
- Laboratory cycling and blood-sampling study
- Controlled study design.

## Protocol

- Acute cycling HIIT.
- Modality: Cycling.
- Work intervals: 2 minutes.
- Recovery: 2 minutes active recovery.
- Sets or repetitions: Repeated over 20 minutes.
- Intensity: 80%-95% HRmax work; about 70% HRmax recovery.
- Session duration: 20 minutes plus 2-minute dynamic stretch.
- Frequency: Single session.
- Program length: Acute.
- Progression: None.
- Continuous aerobic training.
- Modality: Cycling.
- Intensity: 60%-80% HRmax.
- Session duration: 20 minutes plus 2-minute dynamic stretch.
- Frequency: Single session.
- Program length: Acute.
- Progression: None.

## Outcomes

### EV miRNAs
Status: mixed
CAT and HIIT produced distinct differentially expressed miRNA profiles.

CAT 67 DE miRNAs; HIIT 13 DE miRNAs versus rest.

### EV proteins
Status: mixed
CAT and HIIT produced distinct differentially expressed protein profiles.

CAT 55 DE proteins; HIIT 70 DE proteins versus rest.

### EV concentration
Status: no clear change
HIIT showed a nonsignificant trend toward higher EV concentration.

Reported as not significant.

## Practical Insights

- This is useful as mechanistic background for acute HIIT biology, not as programming outcome evidence.
- Heart-rate-based cycling HIIT can be matched in time to continuous aerobic training.

## Limitations

- Only five participants.
- Male active sample only.
- Acute molecular outcomes only.
- Different workloads may confound modality comparisons.
- EV tissue origins were inferred.

## Safety And Adherence

- No adverse events were reported.
- Participants completed physical examination, blood analysis, and adaptive training before the formal experiment.
- Exercise was supervised by a professional coach with continuous real-time heart-rate monitoring; people unsuitable for physical training were excluded.

## Original Sources

- [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39941151/) (pubmed)
- [DOI](https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031383) (doi)
- [PMC full text](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11818269/) (full text)

## Agent Guidance

Preserve the paper-level scope of this note. Do not generalize beyond the population, protocol, measured outcomes, and limitations above.