# Prognostic Potential of the Body Composition Indices in Predicting Positive Changes in Resting Blood Pressure after High-Intensity Interval Training in Adolescents

PMID: 36429371
Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Published: 2022
Authors: Domaradzki J, Koźlenia D, Popowczak M

## Question

Can body-composition indices predict positive resting blood-pressure changes after a 10-week school-based HIIT intervention in adolescents?

## Summary

In 16-year-old school adolescents, replacing one weekly physical education lesson with a 10-week bodyweight Tabata-style HIIT lesson was associated with much more frequent resting blood-pressure improvement than standard PE. Skeletal-muscle and muscle-to-fat indices predicted systolic blood-pressure improvement better than BMI or fat-mass index.

## Population

- Apparently healthy 16-year-old adolescents from one secondary school.
- Sample size: 141
- Age: 16 years
- Sex: Male and female
- Fitness level: School PE participants
- Health status: Apparently healthy adolescents with measured resting BP and body composition.

## Methodology

- Randomized controlled school-based intervention with pre/post measurements and prediction analyses.
- 10 weeks
- One secondary school physical education program in Wroclaw, Poland.
- Randomized and controlled study design.

## Protocol

- School Tabata HIIT.
- Modality: Bodyweight exercises.
- Work intervals: 20 seconds.
- Recovery: 10 seconds active recovery.
- Sets or repetitions: Three 4-minute sessions, each with 8 cycles of two exercises.
- Intensity: 75-80% HRmax.
- Session duration: 45-minute PE lesson with 14-minute HIIT main block.
- Frequency: 1 session per week.
- Program length: 10 weeks.
- Progression: No explicit progression reported.
- Standard PE.
- Modality: Usual physical education.
- Session duration: 45 minutes.
- Frequency: 1 matched PE lesson per week.
- Program length: 10 weeks.

## Outcomes

### SBP response
Status: improved
HIIT participants improved SBP much more often than controls in both sexes.

Males 83.87% EG vs 38.10% CG; females 83.33% EG vs 38.30% CG; p<0.001; OR 8.45 in males and 8.05 in females.

### BP parameters
Status: mixed
Benefits extended to DBP in females, PP in males, MBP in both sexes, and MAP in females.

Direction and significance varied by BP parameter and sex.

### Prediction
Status: mixed
SMI and MFR predicted SBP improvement better than BMI or FMI, but several ROC models were underpowered.

Male SMI AUC=0.82, p<0.001; male MFR AUC=0.70, p=0.039; female MFR AUC=0.72, p=0.035.

## Practical Insights

- A 14-minute bodyweight Tabata block can be delivered inside a regular PE class.
- Blood-pressure improvements may occur without relying on BMI or fat-mass change.
- Lean-mass related baseline measures may help personalize expectations.

## Limitations

- Single-school adolescent sample with narrow age range.
- Sex-stratified ROC analyses had limited power.
- Body-composition predictors were correlated, which may overestimate prognostic ability.
- Adherence, enjoyment, and adverse events were not reported in detail.

## Safety And Adherence

- No adverse events or injuries were reported in the extracted text.
- Heart rate was monitored to support the prescribed intensity range.

## Original Sources

- [PubMed](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36429371/) (pubmed)
- [DOI](https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192314658) (doi)
- [PMC full text](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9690772/) (full text)

## Agent Guidance

Preserve the paper-level scope of this note. Do not generalize beyond the population, protocol, measured outcomes, and limitations above.